《地球的力量》百度网盘高清资源免费在线观看。
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提取码:ni21 导演: Sophie Elwin-Harris, Annabel Gillings, Matthew Gyves, Ben Lawrie, Paul Olding。
主演: Iain Stewart。
类型: 纪录片
制片国家/地区: 英国
语言: 英语
首播: 2007-11-20(英国)。
集数: 5
单集片长: 60分钟
又名: Earth.The.Biography。
45亿年,是一个怎样漫长的光景。浩瀚的宇宙,又是怎样辽阔的疆域。在漫无边际的天际,有如微尘一般的地球,却孕育着数以万计且多姿多彩的生命。追溯过往,发现生命繁荣的起点竟如此苛刻,一切万年不遇,一切宛如神迹。
BBC走遍地球每一个角落,向我们揭示了生命之初的奥秘。他们告诉世人,那场为我们所恐惧的,以及常为我们所忽视的,竟然曾起着如此至关重要的作用。火山、大气层、冰川和海洋,它们是人类乃至一切有生的源头。
《地球的力量》制作组将通过5集纪录片,为我们再现那颗蓝色的星球,从无到有、从简到繁最为壮丽的时刻……
一.常见的前缀
1.表示否定意义的前缀
1)纯否定前缀
a-, an-, asymmetry(不对称)anhydrous(无水的)
dis- dishonest, dislike 。
in-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular 。
ne-, n-, none, neither, never 。
non-, noesense 。
neg-, neglect
un- unable, unemployment 。
2)表示错误的意义
male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调) 。
mis-, mistake, mislead 。
pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience 。
3)表示反动作的意思
de-, defend, demodulation(解调) 。
dis-, disarm, disconnect 。
un-, unload, uncover 。
4)表示相反,相互对立意思
anti-, ant- antiknock( 防震), antforeign,(排外的) 。
contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, countercurrent (逆流) 。
counter-, counterreaction, counterbalance 。
ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy 。
with-, withdraw, withstand 。
2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀 。
1)a- 表示“在……之上”,“向……”
aboard, aside, 。
2)by- 表示“附近,邻近,边侧”
bypath, bypass(弯路) 。
3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围,环绕,回转”
circumstance, circuit 。
4)de-, 表示“在下,向下”
descend, degrade 。
5)en-, 表示“在内,进入”
encage, enbed(上床) 。
6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部,外”
exit, eclipse, expand, export 。
7)extra-, 表示“额外”
extraction (提取)
8)fore- 表示“在前面”
forehead, foreground 。
9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内,在内,背于”
inland, invade, inside, import 。
10)inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间,相互”
international, interaction, internet 。
11)intro-, 表示“向内,在内,内侧”
introduce, introduce 。
12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中,中间”
Mediterranean, midposition 。
13)out-, 表示“在上面,在外部,在外”
outline, outside, outward 。
14)over-, 表示“在上面,在外部,向上”
overlook, overhead, overboard 。
15)post-, 表示"向后,在后边,次”
postscript(附言),
16)pre-, 表示"在前”在前面”
prefix, preface, preposition 。
17)pro-, 表示“在前,向前”
progress, proceed, 。
18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示“在下面,下”
subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement 。
19)super-, sur-, 表示“在…..之上”
superficial, surface, superstructure 。
20)trans-, 表示“移上,转上,在那一边”
translate, transform, transoceanic 。
21)under-, 表示“在…..下面,下的”
underline, underground, underwater 。
22)up-, 表示“向上,向上面,在上”
upward, uphold, uphill(上坡) 。
3. 表示时间,序列关系的前缀 。
1)ante-, anti-, 表示“先前,早于,预先”
antecedent, anticipate, 。
2)ex-, 表示“先,故,旧”
expresident, exhusband 。
3)fore-, 表示“在前面,先前,前面”
foreward, dorecast, foretell(预言) 。
4)mid-, medi-, 表示“中,中间”
midnight, midsummer 。
5)post-"表示“在后,后”
postwar,
6)pre-, pri-, 表示“在前,事先,预先”
preheat, prewar, prehistory 。
7)pro-, 表示“在前,先,前”
prologue(序幕),prophet(预言家) 。
8)re-, 表示“再一次,重新”
retell, rewrite 。
4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀 。
1)by-, 表示“副,次要的”
byproduct, bywork(副业) 。
2)extra-,表示“超越,额外”
extraordinary, 。
3)hyper- 表示“超过,极度”
hypersonic(超声波), hypertesion(高血压) 。
4)out-,表示“超过,过分”
outdo(超过), outbid(出价过高的人) 。
5)over-,表示“超过,过度,太”
overeat, overdress, oversleep 。
6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示“低,次,副,亚”
subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带) 。
7)super-, sur- 表示“超过”
supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass 。
8)under-,表示“低劣,低下”
undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足) 。
9)vice- 表示“副,次”
vicepresident, vicechairman 。
5. 表示共同,相等意思的前缀 。
1)com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示“共同,一起”。
connect, combine, collect, combat, coexist, co-operate 。
2)syn-, syl-,sym-,表示“同,共,和,类”
symmetry, sympathy, synthesis(合成) 。
6. 表示整个完全意思的前缀 。
1)al- 表示“完整,完全”alone, almost, 。
2) over-表示“完全,全”overall, overflow(充满) 。
3) pan-表示“全,总,万”panentheism(泛神论),panorama 。
7. 表示分离,离开意思的前缀 。
1)a- ab-, abs-,表示“分离,离开” away, apart, abstract, abstain 。
2)de- 表示“离去,处去”depart, decolour, 。
3)dis-, di-, dif-, 表示“分离,离开” divorce, disarm(缴械) 。
4)ex-, e-, 表示“离开,分离”expel, exclude, expatriate(驱出国外) 。
5)for- 表示“离开,脱离”forget, forgive 。
6)表示“离开”release, resolve 。
7)表示“分离,隔离”separate, seduce, select 。
8. 表示通过,遍及意思的前缀 。
1)dia-,表示“通过,横过”diameter, diagram, 。
2)per-, pel-, 表示“通,总,遍”perfect, perform, pervade(浸透) 。
3)trans-, 表示“横过,贯通”transparent, transmit, transport 。
9. 表示加强意思的前缀
a-, arouse, ashamed 。
ad-, adjoin, adhere( 粘着) 。
10. 表示变换词类作用的前缀 。
be-, befriend, 。
en-, enslave, enable, enrich 。
ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-, adapt, accord, affix, aggression, arrive, assist, attend, attract, arrange, assign(委派) 。
11. 表示数量关系的前缀
1)表示“单一”,“一”
mon-, mon-, monotone(单调),monopoly, monarch 。
uni-, un-, uniform, unicellular(单细胞) 。
2)表示“二,两,双”
ambi-, ambiguous, amphibian(两栖类) 。
bi-, bin- bicycle, di-, diode(二级管),
twi-, twilight 。
3)表示“十”deca, deco-, dec- deci-, decade, decimals 。
4)表示"百,百分之一"
hecto-, hect-, hectometer, 。
centi-, centimeter 。
5)表示"千,千分子一” kilo-, kilometer 。
6)表示"万,万分子一”
myria-, myri-, myriametre 。
mega-, meg-, megabyte 。
micro-, microvolt (微伏特) 。
7)表示"许多,复,多数”
multi-, mult-, multipmetre (万用表) 。
poly-, polysyllable, 。
8)表示“半,一半”
hemi-, hemisphere 。
demi-, demiofficial 。
semi-, semiconductor, semitransparent 。
pene-, pen-, peninsula 。
12. 表示特殊意义的前缀
1)arch-, 表示“首位,第一的,主要的”architect, archbishop 。
2)auto-, 表示“自己,独立,自动”automobile, autobiography 。
3)bene-, 表示“善,福”benefit 。
4)eu-, 表示“优,美好”eugenics(优生学),euphemism 。
5)male-, mal- 表示“恶,不良”maltreatment, malodor, 。
6)macro-, 表示“大,宏大”macroscopic(宏观) 。
7)magni-, 表示“大”magnificent 。
8)micro-, 表示“微”microscope 。
13. 表示术语的前缀
1)aud-, 表示“听,声”audience, 。
2)bio-, 表示“生命,生物”biography(传记) 。
3)ge-, 表示“地球,大地”geography 。
4)phon-, 表示“声,音调”phonograph 。
5)tele-, 表示“远离”television, telephone 。
二.常见的后缀
1. 名词后缀
(1) 具有某种职业或动作的人 。
1)-an, -ain, 表示"……地方的人,精通……的人”American, historian, 。
2)-al, 表示"具有……职务的人" principal, 。
3)-ant,-ent, 表示"……者” merchant, agent, servant, student, 。
4)-ar, 表示"……的人” scholar, liar, peddler 。
5)-ard, -art, 表示"做……的人”coward, laggard, braggart(夸张者) 。
6)-arian, 表示"……派别的人, ……主义的人”humanitarian, vegetarian 。
7)-ary, 表示"从事……的人" secretary, missionary 。
8)-ant, 表示"具有……职责的人" candidate, graduate 。
9)-ator, 表示"做……的人" educator, speculator(投机者) 。
10)-crat, 表示"某种政体,主义的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat 。
11)-ee, 表示"动作承受者" employee, examinee 。
12)-eer, 表示"从事于……人" engineer, volunteer 。
13)-er, 表示"从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager 。
14)-ese, 表示" ……国人,…..地方的人”Japanese, Cantonese 。
15)-ess, 表示"阴性人称名词, actress, hostess, manageress 。
16)-eur, 表示"……家” amateur, littérateur 。
17)-ian, 表示"……地方人,信仰…….教的人,从事……职业的人”Christian, physician(内科医生),musician 。
18)-ician, 表示"精通者, ……家,”electrician, magician, technician 。
19)-icist, 表示"……家, …….者, …….能手”physicist, phoneticist, technicist 。
20)-ic, 表示"……者,……师" mechanic, critic 。
21)-ie, 表示"爱,指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘) 。
22)-ier, 表示"从事……职业” cavalier, clothier, brazier(黄铜匠) 。
23)-ine, ian, 表示"阴性人称" heroine, ballerina 。
24)-ist, 表示"从事……研究者,信仰……主义者" pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist 。
25)-ive, 表示"动作者,行为者” native, captive 。
26)-logist, 表示"……学家,研究者" biologist, geologist(地质学家) 。
27)-or, 表示"……者" author, doctor, operator, 。
28)-ster, 表示"做…….事情的人”youngster, gamester(赌徒),songster 。
29)-yer, 表示" 从事……职业者” lawyer 。
(2). 构成,具有抽象名词的含义 。
1)-acy, 表示"性质,状态,境遇" accuracy, diplomacy 。
2)-age, 表示"状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称" courage, storage, marriage 。
3)-al, a) 表示"事物的动作,过程”refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval 。
b) 表示具体的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal 。
4)-ance, -ence表示"性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience 。
5)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质,状态,行为,过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency, 。
6)-bility, 表示"动作,性质,状态" possibility, feasibility, 。
7)-craft, 表示"工艺,技巧” woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治国策)
8)-cracy, 表示"统治,支配" bureaucracy, democracy 。
9)-cy, 表示"性质,状态,职位,级别" bankruptcy(破产),supremacy 。
10)-dom, 表示"等级,领域,状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom 。
11)-ery, -ry, 表示"行为,状态,习性" bravery, bribery, rivalry 。
12)-ety, 表示"性质,状态” variety, dubiety(怀疑) 。
13)-faction, -facture, 表示"作成,……化,作用" satisfaction, manufacture 。
14)-hood, 表示"资格,身份, 年纪,状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood 。
15)-ice, 表示"行为,性质,状态" notice, justice, service 。
16)-ine, 表示"带有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine 。
17)-ing, 表示"动作的过程,结果" building, writing, learning 。
18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程,结果,状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction 。
19)-ise, 表示"性质,状态” exercise, merchandise(商业) 。
20)-ism, 表示"制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism 。
21)-ity, 表示"性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity 。
22)-ment, 表示"行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument 。
23)-mony, 表示"动作的结果,状态" ceremony, testimony 。
24)-ness, 表示"性质,状态,程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness 。
25)-or, -our, 表示"动作,性质,状态" favor, error, 。
26)-osity, 表示"动作,状态” curiosity 。
27)-ship, 表示"情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship, membership, friendship 。
28)-th, 表示"动作,性质,过程,状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth 。
29)-tude, 表示"性质,状态,程度" latitude, altitude(海拔) 。
30)-ure, 表示"行为,结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续),
31)-y, 表示"行为的结果,状态,性质” glory, history, victory, inquiry 。
(3) 带有场所,地方的含义 。
1)-age, 表示"住所,地点" village, cottage 。
2)-ary, 表示"住所,场地" library, granary (谷仓) 。
3)-ery, ry, 表示"工作场所,饲养所,地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室) 。
4)-ory, 表示"工作场所,住处" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory 。
(4) 带有学术,科技含义
1)-grapy, 表示"……学,写法” biography, calligraphy, geography 。
2)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics 。
3)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) 。
4)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学) 。
5)-ery, 表示"学科,技术" chemistry, cookery, machinery 。
6)-y, 表示"……学,术,法” photography, philosophy 。
(5) 表示人和事物的总和,集合含义 。
1)-age, baggage, tonnage 。
2)-dom, newspaperdom(新闻界) 。
3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood 。
4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁) 。
5)-ure, legislature, judicature 。
(6) 表示物品和物质名称的含义 。
1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant 。
2)-al, signal, pictorial(画报) 。
3)ar, collar, pillar(石柱) 。
4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker 。
5)-ery, drapery(绸缎) 。
6)-ing, clothing, matting, 。
7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment 。
(7) 表示“细小”的含义
1)-cle, particle, 。
2)-cule, molecule(分子) 。
3)-el, parcel
4)-en, chicken, maiden 。
5)-et, pocket, ticket 。
6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文) 。
7)-kin, napkin 。
8)-ling, duckling, 。
9)-let, booklet 。
10)-y, baby, doggy 。
2. 形容词后缀
(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义 。
1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible 。
2)-al, natural, additional, educational 。
3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican 。
4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent 。
5)-ar, similar, popular, regular 。
6)-ary, military, voluntary 。
7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical, 。
8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine 。
9)-ing, moving, touching, daring 。
10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish 。
11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive 。
12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory 。
13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的) 。
(2) 表示“相象,类似”的含义 。
1)-ish, boyish, childish 。
2)-esque, picturesque 。
3)-like, manlike, childlike 。
4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 。
5)-some, troublesome, handsome 。
6)-y, milky, pasty 。
(3) 表示“充分的”含义
1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful 。
2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various 。
3)-ent, violent, 。
(4) 表示由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义 。
1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen 。
2)-ous, gaseous 。
3)-fic, scientific 。
(5) 表示方向的含义
1)-ern, eastern, western 。
2)-ward, downward, forward 。
(6) 表示“倍数”的含义
1)-ble, double, treble 。
2)ple, triple
3)-fold, twofold, tenfold 。
(7) 表示“数量关系”的含义 。
1)-teen, thirteen 。
2)-ty, fifty
3)-th, fourth, fiftieth 。
(8) 表示国籍,语种,宗教的含义 。
1)-an, Roman, European 。
2)-ese, Chinese, 。
3)-ish, English, Spanish 。
(9) 表示“比较程度”的含义 。
1)-er, greater 。
2)-ish, reddish, yellowish 。
3)-est, highest 。
4)-most, foremost, topmost 。
(10)其他的含义
-less, 表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless 。
3. 动词后缀
1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成,变成,……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize 。
2)-en, 表示"使成为,引起,使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden 。
3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify 。
4)-ish, 表示"使,令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish 。
5)-ate, 表示“成为……,处理,作用” separate, operate, indicate 。
4. 副词后缀
1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply 。
2)-ward, -wards, downward, inwards, upward 。
3)-ways, always, sideways 。
4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise 。
三.常见的词根
常见的词根
1) aer, ar, 含义是“空气,大气” aeroplane, aerial, 。
2) ag, act, ig, 含义是“做,动作” active, agent, reaction, 。
3) alt, 含义是“高”, altitude, 。
4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是“其它,变更” alternate, 。
5) bio, bi, bion, 含义是“生物,生命” biology, bionics(仿生学) 。
6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是“短” brief, abbreviation, abridge(节略) 。
7) cap, capt, cept, cip, 含义是“取,获” capture, except, concept, capacity 。
8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是“行,让步” proceed, succeed, excess(过度) 。
9) centr, centr, 含义是“中心” concentrate, eccentric(偏心的) 。
10) clain, clam, 含义是“呼喊” claim, proclaim, exclaim 。
11) clos, clud, 含义是“闭合” conclude, enclose, include 。
12) col, cult, 含义是“耕耘” colony, cultivate, agriculture 。
13) cor, cord, 含义是“心” cordial, record, accord 。
14) curr, cur, cour, 含义是“跑,动作” current, occur, concurrence(同时发生) 。
15) dic, dict, 含义是“说,示” dictate, edit, indicate, predict 。
16) doc, doct, 含义是“教” doctor, document 。
17) duc, duct含义是“引导,传导” introduce, produce, conduct, deduct( 推论) 。
18) fact, fac, fect, dic, dit, 含义是“做,创造” factory, effect, profit, faculty, perfect 。
19) fend, fens, 含义是“打,击” defence, offence 。
20) fer, 含义是“搬运,移转” ferry, transfer, defer(迟延) 。
21) fin, finit, 含义是“终,极” final, finish, confine 。
22) firm, 含义是“坚固” firm, confirm, affirm(断定) 。
23) fix, 含义是“固定” prefix, affix(附加) 。
24) flect, flex, 含义是“弯曲” flexible, reflex 。
25) flor, flour, flower, 含义是“花” flower, flourish 。
26) form, 含义是“形” uniform, formula, transform, reform, deform 。
27) forc, fort, 含义是“力,强度” force, enforce, effort 。
28) gen, genit, 含义是“生产,发生” generate, generation 。
29) gram, graph, 含义是“书写,记录” telegram, diagram, photograph 。
30) grad, gress, gred, gree, 含义是“步,阶段” gradually, degree, progress 。
31) hab, habit, hibit, 含义是“保持,住” inhabit, exhibit, prohibit 。
32) her, hes, 含义是“粘附” adhere, cohesion 。
33) ject, jet, 含义是“抛射” project, inject 。
34) jour, 含义是“日,一天” journal(日记), journey, adjourn(延期) 。
35) jug, junct, 含义是“结合,连合” conjunction, junction(连合) 。
36) labour, labor, 含义是“劳动,工作” labourer, elaborate, collaborate 。
37) lect, leg, lig, 含义是“挑选,采集” collect, select, lecture 。
38) lif, liv, 含义是“生活,生存” life, alive, live 。
39) loc, 含义是“场所,位置” location, dislocate(脱位) 。
40) long, leng, ling, 含义是“长的” length, prolong, linger 。
41) loqu, locut, 含义是“说话” colloquial, eloquent, 。
42) mand, mend, 含义是“命令” command, demand, recommend 。
43) man, manu, 含义是“手,手法” manage, manual 。
44) memor, menber, 含义是“记忆” memory, remember, memorial 。
45) mind, ment, 含义是“心” mind, remind, mental 。
46) merc, merch, 含义是“贸易” commerce, merchant 。
47) meas, mens, meter, metr, 含义是“测量,度量” measure, meter, diameter 。
48) min, 含义是“小” diminish, minority 。
49) miss, mit, 含义是“派遣,送” mission, dismiss, transmit, missile 。
50) mob, mot, mov, 含义是“动” movement, motion, mobile, remove 。
51) nect, nex, 含义是“捆扎” connect, disconnect, annex(合并) 。
52) not, 含义是“记号,注意” note, denote, annotation(注释) 。
53) onom, onym, 含义是“名字” synonym, antonym, anonymous 。
54) pair, par, 含义是“a)相同,对等b)准备” compare, prepare 。
55) pel, puls, 含义是“追逐” expel, impel(推进) 。
56) pend, pens, pond, 含义是“悬挂” depend, independent, expense(支付) 。
57) phon, 含义是“声音” symphony, telephone, microphone 。
58) plac, 含义是“位置,场所” place, replace 。
59) peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民,民众” public, republic, popular, people 。
60) port, 含义是“搬运” export, import, deport(输送) 。
61) press, 含义是“压,压制” pressure, express, oppress, impression 。
62) prob, proof, prov, 含义是“实验,验证” prove, approve, 。
63) quer, quest, quir, quis, 含义是“寻找,探问” inquiry, question, inquisition(调查,追究) 。
64) rang, rank, 含义是“排列” arrange, rank, 。
65) rect, right, rig, 含义是“正,直” correct, direct, erect 。
66) riv, 含义是“河流,流远”,river, arrive, derive 。
67) rupt, 含义是“破坏,毁坏” eruption, bankrupt, corruption 。
68) sci, 含义是“认识,知识” science, conscious 。
69) scrib, script, 含义是“书写,记录” describe, script 。
70) sens, sent, 含义是“感觉,情感” sensation, sentiment 。
71) sign, 含义是“标记,符号” signal, signature, design 。
72) sembl, simil, 含义是“相似,类似” similar, resemble, assimilate(同化) 。
73) soci, 含义是“结合,社交” social, association 。
74) spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看,视” inspect, spectator, conspicuous, respect 。
75) struct, 含义是“建筑,构造” structure, construct, instruct, destruction 。
76) tect, teg, 含义是“遮蔽,掩盖” detect, protect 。
77) temp, tens, 含义是“时间,时机” tense, contemporary, temporal 。
78) tend, tes, tent, 含义是“倾向, 伸张” tendency, intension, extend, intend 。
79) test, 含义是“证明,证实” testify, protest, contest(争论) 。
80) text, 含义是“编织, 构成” textile, texture, context 。
81) tract, trail, 含义是“拖拉,吸引” attract, tractor, abstract, contract(收缩) 。
82) tribut, 含义是“给予” contribution, distribute 。
83) us, ut, 含义是“用,使用” usable, utilize, abuse 。
84) vac, van, 含义是“空,虚” vacancy, vanity, evacuate(清空) 。
85) vad, vas, wad, 含义是“走,去” invade, wade, evade(逃避) 。
86) vers, vert, 含义是“旋转,反转” convert, inversion(倒转), reverse, divert(使转向) 。
87) vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看,看见” television, visible, evident, interview, survey 。
88) viv, vit, 含义是“生,活” vivid, vital, survival, 。
89) war, ward, 含义是“注意,保护” aware, wary(谨慎), ward(守护) 。
90) way, 含义是“路” way, away, subway, always 。
词 根
ag,act 做,驱动
agent代理人 active活动的,积极的 。
agr 农田
agriculture农业 agrarian田地的 。
am 爱,亲爱
amicable友善的 amiable和蔼可亲的 。
anim 心灵,精神,生命
animal动物 animate有生命的 。
ann,enn 年
annual一年的 centennial一世纪的 。
astro 星
astronomy天文学 astronaut宇宙航行员 。
audi 听
audience听众 audible听得见的 。
bell 战争
rebellion反叛,反抗 bellicose好战的 。
bio 生命
Charles Dickens (7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870), pen-name "Boz", was the foremost English novelist of the Victorian era, as well as a vigorous social campaigner. Considered one of the English language's greatest writers, he was acclaimed for his rich storytelling and memorable characters, and achieved massive worldwide popularity in his lifetime. 。
Later critics, beginning with George Gissing and G. K. Chesterton, championed his mastery of prose, his endless invention of memorable characters and his powerful social sensibilities, but writers such as George Henry Lewes, Henry James and Virginia Woolf fault his work for sentimentality, implausible occurrence and grotesque characters. 。
The popularity of Dickens' novels and short stories has meant that not one has ever gone out of print. Dickens wrote serialised novels, the usual format for fiction at the time, and each new part of his stories was eagerly anticipated by the reading public. 。
T中英文结合
heodore Roosevelt 。
Theodore Roosevelt 。
Twenty-Sixth President 。
1901-1909
Married to Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt 。
西奥多*罗斯福
第二十六任总统
1901-1909
娶爱蒂斯*凯姆丽*卡罗*罗斯福为妻 。
With the assassination of President McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt, not quite 43, became the youngest President in the Nation\'s history. He brought new excitement and power to the Presidency, as he vigorously led Congress and the American public toward progressive reforms and a strong foreign policy. 。
随着麦金利总统被暗杀,西奥多*罗斯福(尚未43岁)成为美国历史上最年轻的总统。他为总统的职位带来新的活力,正如他热力四射地引导国会和美国大众进行锐利的改革和强势的外交政策。
He took the view that the President as a "steward of the people" should take whatever action necessary for the public good unless expressly forbidden by law or the Constitution." I did not usurp power," he wrote, "but I did greatly broaden the use of executive power." 。
他认为:总统是人民的公仆,应该采取一切尽可能的行动为大众谋福利,除非是法律和宪法法禁止的。他写道:“我不会越权,但我应该在我的权力范围内为最大程度地利用它。
Roosevelt\'s youth differed sharply from that of the log cabin Presidents. He was born in New York City in 1858 into a wealthy family, but he too struggled--against ill health--and in his triumph became an advocate of the strenuous life. 。
罗斯福的年轻和以往的总统有极大的不同。1858年,他出生在纽约市一个富裕的家庭。但他和病魔作斗争,并最后战胜。这使他成为紧张生活方式的拥护者。
In 1884 his first wife, Alice Lee Roosevelt, and his mother died on the same day. Roosevelt spent much of the next two years on his ranch in the Badlands of Dakota Territory. There he mastered his sorrow as he lived in the saddle, driving cattle, hunting big game--he even captured an outlaw. On a visit to London, he married Edith Carow in December 1886. 。
1884年,他的第一任妻子和他的母亲在同一天去世。在接下来的两年时间里,他在达科他荒地上的大农场度过。为了战胜自己的悲伤,他骑马、赶牛、打猎——他甚至还抓到一个亡命之徒。1886年12月,在一次伦敦的访问中,他和爱蒂斯*卡罗结婚。
During the Spanish-American War, Roosevelt was lieutenant colonel of the Rough Rider Regiment, which he led on a charge at the battle of San Juan. He was one of the most conspicuous heroes of the war. 。
在美西战争中,罗斯福是大骑兵团的中校。他率领他们在圣*胡安战役中冲锋。他成为一个家喻户晓的战争英雄。
Boss Tom Platt, needing a hero to draw attention away from scandals in New York State, accepted Roosevelt as the Republican candidate for Governor in 1898. Roosevelt won and served with distinction. 。
鲍斯*汤姆*浦拉特需要一个英雄,使人们注意力从纽约州丑闻中转移。于他接受罗斯福作为共和党的1898年纽约州长候选人。罗斯福胜出,并且政绩卓著。
As President, Roosevelt held the ideal that the Government should be the great arbiter of the conflicting economic forces in the Nation, especially between capital and labor, guaranteeing justice to each and dispensing favors to none. 。
作为总统,罗斯福有一种观点:政府应该是国家经济冲突中的裁判者,尤其是在劳资之间,应保证对任何一方公平、不偏袒一方。
Roosevelt emerged spectacularly as a "trust buster" by forcing the dissolution of a great railroad combination in the Northwest. Other antitrust suits under the Sherman Act followed. 。
罗斯福他迫使西北一个巨大的铁路联合体分解,从此作为一个“托拉斯的摧毁者”引起人们的注意。随后他在谢尔曼法案的进行其它的反托拉斯诉讼。
Roosevelt steered the United States more actively into world politics. He liked to quote a favorite proverb, "Speak softly and carry a big stick. . . . " 。
罗斯福坚持美国应该更为积极地参与世界政治。他喜欢引用一个众所周知的谚语:“拿着大棒,说话小声”。
Aware of the strategic need for a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific, Roosevelt ensured the construction of the Panama Canal. His corollary to the Monroe Doctrine prevented the establishment of foreign bases in the Caribbean and arrogated the sole right of intervention in Latin America to the United States. 。
意识到缩短大西洋和太平洋的战略需要,罗斯福决定建造巴拿马运河。他对门罗主义的延伸是:阻止在加勒比海建立外国的基地,并声称唯有美国才有权干涉拉丁美洲。
He won the Nobel Peace Prize for mediating the Russo-Japanese War, reached a Gentleman\'s Agreement on immigration with Japan, and sent the Great White Fleet on a goodwill tour of the world. 。
他因调停日俄战争而获得诺贝尔和平奖,与日本就移民问题达成绅士协议,而且派遣大白舰队进行全球友好航行。
Some of Theodore Roosevelt\'s most effective achievements were in conservation. He added enormously to the national forests in the West, reserved lands for public use, and fostered great irrigation projects. 。
几个西奥多*罗斯福的最出名的成绩是关于保护措施的。他在西部增加许多的国家森林,保留许多土地供公共使用,而且赞同大规模的移民方案。
He crusaded endlessly on matters big and small, exciting audiences with his high-pitched voice, jutting jaw, and pounding fist. "The life of strenuous endeavor" was a must for those around him, as he romped with his five younger children and led ambassadors on hikes through Rock Creek Park in Washington, D.C. 。
事无巨细,他都要不断地进行改革。他用他那高扬的声音、突出的下颚和强有力的拳头激励着听众。“生命要奋发图强”是他周围的人必须做到,不管是在他调皮地和他五个小孩玩的时候还是他引着大使们徒步穿过华盛顿克里克石头公园。
Leaving the Presidency in 1909, Roosevelt went on an African safari, then jumped back into politics. In 1912 he ran for President on a Progressive ticket. To reporters he once remarked that he felt as fit as a bull moose, the name of his new party. 。
1909年,罗斯福离开总统职位到非洲施行。回国后又投身政治。1912年,他以压倒多数的票数竟选总统。据报道,他曾评论他觉得用公牛作为他新政党的名称更为适合。
While campaigning in Milwaukee, he was shot in the chest by a fanatic. Roosevelt soon recovered, but his words at that time would have been applicable at the time of his death in 1919: "No man has had a happier life than I have led; a happier life in every way." 。
当在密尔沃基竟选时,他被一个狂徒射中胸膛。罗斯福很快就复元了,而他在当时讲的话或许更为适合他在1919年去世时:“没有人有过比我更为幸福的生活-在任何方面都幸福的生活”。
您可以自己筛。
Kumiko Koda (神田 来未子 ,Koda Kumiko?) (born November 13, 1982), better known by her stage name Kumi Koda (幸田 来未 ,Koda Kumi?), is a Japanese singer and songwriter from Kyoto, known for her Japanese Urban and R&B songs. Having debuted in 2000 with the single "Take Back", Koda gained fame for her seventh single, "Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba", the songs of which were used as themes for the video game Final Fantasy X-2.[1][2] Her popularity grew with the release of her fourth studio album Secret (2005), her sixteenth single "Butterfly" (2005), and her first greatest hits album Best: First Things (2005), reaching the number-three, number-two and number-one spot respectively.[3][4][5]。
Though her early releases presented a conservative, quiet image, since as early as 2003 Koda has adopted a sexier and more provocative style.[6] Because of this image, she has become a fashion leader among young women, setting trends such as the ero-kakkoii style.[7] She has also won many fashion awards such as, the "Best Jeanist Award" and the title of "Nail Queen" three times since 2006. Since the rise in her popularity, Koda has lent her face and songs to many advertisements. In 2006 and 2007, Oricon awarded with Koda the title of best-selling artist.[fn 1]。
On January 31, 2008, a day after the release of her sixth studio album, Kingdom, Koda became the center of controversy when she made a comment on Japanese radio show, All Night Nippon.。
Contents [hide]。
1 Biography
1.1 Early life and music interest。
1.2 2000–2004: Early career and image change。
1.3 2005–2006: Growing popularity。
1.4 2007–present: Decline in sales and controversy。
2 Musical style。
2.1 Themes
2.2 Lyrics and composition。
3 Image
3.1 Awards
3.2 Fashion
4 Personal life。
5 Discography
6 Filmography
7 Footnotes
8 References
9 External links。
[edit] Biography。
[edit] Early life and music interest。
Koda was born into a family of musicians. Her grandfather was a Shakuhachi master and her mother was a Koto teacher.[10] From a young age, Koda decided she wanted to become a singer after watching her mother perform in karaoke bars.[10] During her second year of high school Koda auditioned in Avex’s "Dream Audition", where she came in second out of 120,000 participants. She was then signed onto the Avex sub-label Rhythm Zone.[10] She is also the older sister of Misono, current solo artist and former lead singer of Day After Tomorrow.。
[edit] 2000–2004: Early career and image change。
Koda debuted on December 6, 2000, with the single "Take Back"; it was followed by "Trust Your Love", "Color of Soul" (both 2001), and "So Into You" (2002). "Trust Your Love" and "Color of Soul" were both Top 30 singles; the former reached #18 on the chart and became Koda's first Top Twenty single.[11][12] Using the stage name Koda, Koda recorded "Take Back" and "Trust Your Love" in English and released the singles in the United States under Orpheus Records. "Take Back" peaked at #18 on the Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales chart;[13] "Trust Your Love" had more success, reaching the top spot on the Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales chart.[14] The single also charted on the Hot Singles Sales chart and Hot Dance Club Play chart, at #19 and #35, respectively.[15][16] After the September 11, 2001 attacks, Koda recorded the charity single "The Meaning of Peace" with Korean singer BoA as part of Avex's Song+Nation project to raise funds for charity.[17][18] In March 2002, Koda released her debut album Affection under Rhythm Zone; it peaked at #12 on the Oricon album chart.[19]。
After the release of Affection, Koda released three singles. "Love Across the Ocean", "Maze" (both 2002), and "Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba" (2003). "Love Across the Ocean" and "Maze" peaked at #19 and #25 positions.[20][21] Koda achieved minor success with "Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba", which peaked at #3 after three weeks on the charts.[22] The songs were used as the opening and ending themes, respectively, of the video game Final Fantasy X-2; in addition, Koda motion-acted the dance moves of one of the characters and voiced the character Lenne in the Japanese version of the game.[23][24] She released her second album, Grow Into One in March 2003. It debuted at #11 on the charts,[25] and peaked at #8 in the fourth week of its run.[26]。
From then on, Koda continued a string of Top Twenty singles with "Come with Me", "Gentle Words" (both 2003) and "Crazy 4 U" (2004).[27][28][29] She then released her third album Feel My Mind (February 2004), which debuted at #7.[30] Koda also covered the theme song of the anime series Cutie Honey originally by Yoko Maekawa for the 2004 live-action film and Re: Cutie Honey.[23] The song, which shared the same name as the show, was included as a bonus track on the album and became the title track of her eleventh single "Love & Honey" (2004), after the album's release. At the end of the year Koda released two more singles, "Chase" and "Kiseki". Though Koda had always been known for her changing fashions in her music videos, the video of "Kiseki" marked the beginning of her incorporation of her sexy image into her music videos.[31]。
[edit] 2005–2006: Growing popularity。
Koda started 2005 two releases, her fourteenth single "Hands" and her fourth album, Secret (February). Secret debuted at #3 and became her first album to debut in the Top Five.[3] The album was certified two time platinum by RIAJ for selling 521,000 copies total.[32] After the release of Secret, Koda released her fifteenth single, "Hot Stuff", from the album. Shortly afterwards, Koda released her first live DVD, Secret: First Class Limited Live. In 2006, Oricon reported that Secret: First Class Limited Live had set a new record on the music DVD charts by remaining at the top of the Oricon DVD charts for seven weeks in total.[33]。
Koda then released her sixteenth single, "Butterfly". "Butterfly" debuted at #2 on the Oricon chart, her first single to do so.[4] "Butterfly" was followed by "Flower" and "Promise/Star"; both peaked at #4 in the weekly chart.[34][35] In September, Koda released her first greatest hits album, Best: First Things. The album debuted at #2 on the chart in its first week and rose to the top the following week, giving Koda her first number-one album.[36][5] Best: First Things sold over a million copies and was certified million by the Recording Industry Association of Japan.[37]。
In December, Koda began the "12 Singles Project" in which for twelve consecutive weeks, she released one single per week (nine of which were labeled as limited editions).[38][39] The first single of the 12 Singles Project, "You", debuted at the top of the chart, giving Koda her first number-one single.[40] Koda then released "Birthday Eve", "D.D.D.", and "Shake It Up" before the end of the year. Koda released the remaining eight singles in the beginning of the new year. The first single was "Lies", followed by "Feel", "Candy", "No Regret", "Ima Sugu Hoshii", "Kamen", "Wind" and "Someday / Boys Love Girls". "Feel", the fifth single from the project, debuted atop the charts.[41] "You" remained in the Oricon Top Ten during the release of "Shake It Up" and "Lies", making Koda the first female artist to have three singles in the Top Ten of the Oricon Weekly Singles chart.[42] Koda's fashion in this period, in which she wore skin-baring clothes, started the ero-kakkoii trend in Japan.[43][44] "Get It On", the thirteenth and last single of the "12 Singles Project",[fn 2] was Koda's first digital single; it was followed by her second greatest hits album, Best: Second Session.[45] The album featured all twelve singles along with two new tracks and was released in three different formats: CD-only, CD+DVD, and CD+2DVD. Best: Second Session debuted at the top of the chart with 983,000 copies sold in its first week, making Koda the first female artist with the highest greatest hits album debut sales since Hikaru Utada's Utada Hikaru Single Collection Vol. 1.[46] Like Best: First Things, Best: Second Session was certified million by the RIAJ.[47]。
After Best: Second Session, Koda released "Koi no Tsubomi". "Koi no Tsubomi" was released online one day before its physical release and sold one million downloads.[48] The single reached #2 in its debut week with 140,000 copies sold.[49] This was the highest debut week sales for a female artist in 2006, until Ayumi Hamasaki surpassed it with her single "Blue Bird". On July 26, 2006, Koda released her first photobook, Maroc; the book, photographed by Leslie Kee, was tied with her thirty-second single "4 Hot Wave", which was released on the same day.[50] Koda reclaimed the title of highest debut week sales for a female artist in 2006 with "4 Hot Wave";[51] which also ranked second behind the KinKi Kids.[52] "4 Hot Wave" is Koda's nineteenth consecutive single to debut in the Top Ten since "Kiseki".[38] Koda's next single, "Yume no Uta / Futari de..." (2006), was a musical first for Koda, as she took full creative control over the production of the single and music video; she wrote the lyrics, chose the outfits, and produced the concepts for the videos of both songs.[53] Koda then recorded a cover of the Bubblegum Brothers' "Won't Be Long" with label-mates Exile. "Cherry Girl / Unmei" was the last single Koda released before releasing her fifth album Black Cherry in December. Black Cherry became the first female studio album to stay atop the charts for four weeks since Ayumi Hamasaki's album Duty.[54] At the end of 2006, Oricon named her the best-selling artist of 2006 with ¥12,702,200,000 profit (approximately $136,465,304), and Yahoo! Japan declared her to be the most-searched female artist and tenth most searched term overall in 2006.[8][55][56]。
[edit] 2007–present: Decline in sales and controversy。
On March 14, 2007, Koda released her thirty-fifth single ("But/Aishō"), another greatest hits album (Best: Bounce & Lovers), and a DVD of her second tour Live Tour 2006–2007: Second Session. Her second single of 2007, "Freaky", reached the top spot on the Oricon, giving Koda her fourth number-one single. Koda performed at the Japanese leg of Live Earth in Tokyo on July 7, 2007, and attended Ap Bank Fes '07, an conservationist-themed concert, hosted by Kazutoshi Sakurai of Mr. Children on July 15, 2007.[57][58] At the end of 2007, Koda released two singles, "Ai no Uta" and "Last Angel", a collaboration with Korean boy band TVXQ better known as Tohoshinki in Japan. "Last Angel" was used as the theme song for the Japanese release for Resident Evil: Extinction.[59] On December 1, she held her first performance at Tokyo Dome for her third nationwide and first arena tour. Koda became the seventh solo female singer to perform at Tokyo Dome with an estimated audience of 45,000 people.[60] Having sold more than 7.3 billion yen worth of CDs and DVDs, Koda was again the best-selling artist of the year in Oricon's 2007 year-end rankings.[9]。
Koda released her thirty-ninth single "Anytime" on January 23, 2008; it was followed by her sixth studio album Kingdom, which was released in the same format as her previous album. With a little over 420,000 copies sold, Kingdom debuted atop the Oricon.[61] On January 31, Koda hosted All Night Nippon; discussing her manager's recent marriage and plans on having children, Koda remarked that "When women turn 35, their amniotic fluid goes rotten, so I'd like them to have a child by 35".[62] Because of the controversy instigated by the comment, Avex released an apology stating that as a consolation, all promotion of Kingdom would cease.[63] Additionally, several of Koda's commercial endorsements were placed on hiatus. Koda herself made a public apology on Fuji TV.[62][64][65][66] Despite the controversy, Kingdom remained on top for a second consecutive week.[67] Two months after her controversial statement, Koda released Live Tour 2007: Black Cherry Tour Special Final in Tokyo Dome, her fourth live DVD. Her fourth nationwide tour Koda Kumi Live Tour 2008: Kingdom commenced on April 12, 2008.[68]。
Koda's fortieth single "Moon" was released on June 11, 2008. Like "Freaky", "Moon" contained four tracks. The single contained "Moon Crying", used as the theme for Asahi Television drama Puzzle, and a collaboration track with Black Eyed Peas' Fergie[69] Koda again attended Avex's annual summer concert A-Nation '08. She appeared at all eight shows in Japan and performed with other Avex artists such as Every Little Thing, Ai Otsuka, Namie Amuro, Ayumi Hamasaki, Tohoshinki, and Maki Goto.[70] In October, Koda released her forty-first single, "Taboo". With around 66,000 copies sold in its first week, "Taboo" debuted at the number-one position and became Koda's fifth single to reach the top.[71] Koda released her forty-second single "Stay with Me" on Christmas Eve, which debuted atop of the chart selling 58,000 copies.[72] Koda's seventh studio album, Trick, was another number-one album for the singer, selling 253,000 in its first week.[73] The album stay at the number-one stop for a second week selling 56,000 copies.[74] Although the album debut at the number-one position, this is her lowest selling album since her third studio album, Secret.[fn 3]。
Koda's forty-third single, "It's All Love!", is set for release on March 31, 2009.[76] The single is an collaboration with younger sister, Misono.[77] The second song from the single, "Faraway", will be used as the theme song for the manga-based movie Subaru.[76] In addition, it was announced that two albums are set for release on March 25, Out Works & Collaboration Best and Koda Kumi Driving Hit's [sic]. The former is a compilation of the tracks that are collaborations with other artists, and the latter is a remix album.[78]。
LZ您好。百度说我发广告~无法把这个百科的介绍地址完全贴出来。,全篇内容太多了,我复制了比较精华的内容给您,但还是很多。呵呵。希望您满意。
表示各类人的词缀
1)-an, -ain, 表示"……地方的人,精通……的人”American, historian, 。
2)-al, 表示"具有……职务的人" principal, 。
3)-ant,-ent, 表示"……者” merchant, agent, servant, student, 。
4)-ar, 表示"……的人” scholar, liar, peddler 。
5)-ard, -art, 表示"做……的人”coward, laggard, braggart(夸张者) 。
6)-arian, 表示"……派别的人, ……主义的人”humanitarian, vegetarian 。
7)-ary, 表示"从事……的人" secretary, missionary 。
8)-ant, 表示"具有……职责的人" candidate, graduate 。
9)-ator, 表示"做……的人" educator, speculator(投机者) 。
10)-crat, 表示"某种政体,主义的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat 。
11)-ee, 表示"动作承受者" employee, examinee 。
12)-eer, 表示"从事于……人" engineer, volunteer 。
13)-er, 表示"从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager 。
14)-ese, 表示" ……国人,…..地方的人”Japanese, Cantonese 。
15)-ess, 表示"阴性人称名词, actress, hostess, manageress 。
16)-eur, 表示"……家” amateur, littérateur 。
17)-ian, 表示"……地方人,信仰…….教的人,从事……职业的人”Christian, physician(内科医生),musician 。
18)-ician, 表示"精通者, ……家,”electrician, magician, technician 。
19)-icist, 表示"……家, …….者, …….能手”physicist, phoneticist, technicist 。
20)-ic, 表示"……者,……师" mechanic, critic 。
21)-ie, 表示"爱,指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘) 。
22)-ier, 表示"从事……职业” cavalier, clothier, brazier(黄铜匠) 。
23)-ine, ian, 表示"阴性人称" heroine, ballerina 。
24)-ist, 表示"从事……研究者,信仰……主义者" pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist 。
25)-ive, 表示"动作者,行为者” native, captive 。
26)-logist, 表示"……学家,研究者" biologist, geologist(地质学家) 。
27)-or, 表示"……者" author, doctor, operator, 。
28)-ster, 表示"做…….事情的人”youngster, gamester(赌徒),songster 。
29)-yer, 表示" 从事……职业者” lawyer 。
1.表示否定意义的前缀
1)纯否定前缀
a-, an-, asymmetry(不对称)anhydrous(无水的)
dis- dishonest, dislike 。
in-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular 。
ne-, n-, none, neither, never 。
non-, noesense 。
neg-, neglect
un- unable, unemployment 。
2)表示错误的意义
male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调) 。
mis-, mistake, mislead 。
pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience 。
3)表示反动作的意思
de-, defend, demodulation(解调) 。
dis-, disarm, disconnect 。
un-, unload, uncover 。
4)表示相反,相互对立意思
anti-, ant- antiknock( 防震), antiforeign,(排外的) 。
contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow(逆流) 。
counter-, counterreaction, counterbalance 。
ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy 。
with-, withdraw, withstand 。
2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀 。
1)a- 表示“在……之上”,“向……”
aboard, aside, 。
2)by- 表示“附近,邻近,边侧”
bypath, bypass(弯路) 。
3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围,环绕,回转”
circumstance, circuit 。
4)de-, 表示“在下,向下”
descend, degrade 。
5)en-, 表示“在内,进入”
encage, enbed(上床) 。
6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部,外”
exit, eclipse, expand, export 。
7)extra-, 表示“额外”
extraction (提取)
8)fore- 表示“在前面”
forehead, foreground 。
9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内,在内,背于”
inland, invade, inside, import 。
10)inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间,相互”
international, interaction, internet 。
11)intro-, 表示“向内,在内,内侧”
introduce, introduce 。
12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中,中间”
Mediterranean, midposition 。
13)out-, 表示“在上面,在外部,在外”
outline, outside, outward 。
14)over-, 表示“在上面,在外部,向上”
overlook, overhead, overboard 。
15)post-, 表示"向后,在后边,次”
postscript(附言),
16)pre-, 表示"在前”在前面”
prefix, preface, preposition 。
17)pro-, 表示“在前,向前”
progress, proceed, 。
18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示“在下面,下”
subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement 。
19)super-, sur-, 表示“在…..之上”
superficial, surface, superstructure 。
20)trans-, 表示“移上,转上,在那一边”
translate, transform, transoceanic 。
21)under-, 表示“在…..下面,下的”
underline, underground, underwater 。
22)up-, 表示“向上,向上面,在上”
upward, uphold, uphill(上坡) 。
3. 表示时间,序列关系的前缀 。
1)ante-, anti-, 表示“先前,早于,预先”
antecedent, anticipate, 。
2)ex-, 表示“先,故,旧”
expresident, exhu我的好友and 。
3)fore-, 表示“在前面,先前,前面”
foreward, dorecast, foretell(预言) 。
4)mid-, medi-, 表示“中,中间”
midnight, midsummer 。
5)post-"表示“在后,后”
postwar,
6)pre-, pri-, 表示“在前,事先,预先”
preheat, prewar, prehistory 。
7)pro-, 表示“在前,先,前”
prologue(序幕),prophet(预言家) 。
8)re-, 表示“再一次,重新”
retell, rewrite 。
4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀 。
1)by-, 表示“副,次要的”
byproduct, bywork(副业) 。
2)extra-,表示“超越,额外”
extraordinary, 。
3)hyper- 表示“超过,极度”
hypersonic(超声波), hypertesion(高血压) 。
4)out-,表示“超过,过分”
outdo(超过), outbid(出价过高的人) 。
5)over-,表示“超过,过度,太”
overeat, overdress, oversleep 。
6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示“低,次,副,亚”
subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带) 。
7)super-, sur- 表示“超过”
supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass 。
8)under-,表示“低劣,低下”
undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足) 。
9)vice- 表示“副,次”
vicepresident, vicechairman 。
5. 表示共同,相等意思的前缀 。
1)com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示“共同,一起”。
connect, combine, collect, combat, coexist, co-operate 。
2)syn-, syl-,sym-,表示“同,共,和,类”
symmetry, sympathy, synthesis(合成) 。
6. 表示整个完全意思的前缀 。
1)al- 表示“完整,完全”alone, almost, 。
2) over-表示“完全,全”overall, overflow(充满) 。
3) pan-表示“全,总,万”panentheism(泛神论),panorama 。
7. 表示分离,离开意思的前缀 。
1)a- ab-, abs-,表示“分离,离开” away, apart, abstract, abstain 。
2)de- 表示“离去,处去”depart, decolour, 。
3)dis-, di-, dif-, 表示“分离,离开” divorce, disarm(缴械) 。
4)ex-, e-, 表示“离开,分离”expel, exclude, expatriate(驱出国外) 。
5)for- 表示“离开,脱离”forget, forgive 。
6)表示“离开”release, resolve 。
7)表示“分离,隔离”separate, seduce, select 。
8. 表示通过,遍及意思的前缀 。
1)dia-,表示“通过,横过”diameter, diagram, 。
2)per-, pel-, 表示“通,总,遍”perfect, perform, pervade(浸透) 。
3)trans-, 表示“横过,贯通”transparent, transmit, transport 。
9. 表示加强意思的前缀
a-, arouse, ashamed 。
ad-, adjoin, adhere( 粘着) 。
10. 表示变换词类作用的前缀 。
be-, befriend, 。
en-, enslave, enable, enrich 。
ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-, adapt, accord, affix, aggression, arrive, assist, attend, attract, arrange, assign(委派) 。
11. 表示数量关系的前缀
1)表示“单一”,“一”
mon-, mon-, monotone(单调),monopoly, monarch 。
uni-, un-, uniform, unicellular(单细胞) 。
2)表示“二,两,双”
ambi-, ambiguous, amphibian(两栖类) 。
bi-, bin- bicycle, di-, diode(二级管),
twi-, twilight 。
3)表示“十”deca, deco-, dec- deci-, decade, decimals 。
4)表示"百,百分子一"
hecto-, hect-, hectometer, 。
centi-, centimeter 。
5)表示"千,千分子一” kilo-, kilometer 。
6)表示"万,万分子一”
myria-, myri-, myriametre 。
mega-, meg-, megabyte 。
micro-, microvolt (微伏特) 。
7)表示"许多,复,多数”
multi-, mult-, multipmetre (万用表) 。
poly-, polysyllable, 。
8)表示“半,一半”
hemi-, hemisphere 。
demi-, demiofficial 。
semi-, semiconductor, semitransparent 。
pene-, pen-, peninsula 。
12. 表示特殊意义的前缀
1)arch-, 表示“首位,第一的,主要的”architect, archbishop 。
2)auto-, 表示“自己,独立,自动”automobile, autobiography 。
3)bene-, 表示“善,福”benefit 。
4)eu-, 表示“优,美好”eugenics(优生学),euphemism 。
5)male-, mal- 表示“恶,不良”maltreatment, malodor, 。
6)macro-, 表示“大,宏大”macroscopic(宏观) 。
7)magni-, 表示“大”magnificent 。
8)micro-, 表示“微”microscope 。
13. 表示术语的前缀
1)aud-, 表示“听,声”audience, 。
2)bio-, 表示“生命,生物”biography(传记) 。
3)ge-, 表示“地球,大地”geography 。
4)phon-, 表示“声,音调”phonograph 。
5)tele-, 表示“远离”television, telephone。